The pivotal role of TGF-β/Smad pathway in fibrosis pathogenesis and treatment
{{output}}
Fibrosis, which is characterized by pathological extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation impairing organ function, is governed primarily by dysregulated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signalling. TGF-β1 triggers canonical (Smad2/3-dependent) and ... ...