Peak Peripheral Venous Pressure-Oxygen Uptake Relationship During Exercise: A Tool for Assessing Veno-venous Collaterals in Fontan Circulation
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Background: In patients with Fontan circulation, veno-venous collaterals (VVCs) are associated with complications such as cyanosis, ventricular overload, erythrocytosis, and paradoxical embolism. However, VVCs may play a compensa... ...
