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Streptococcus pneumoniae synchronizes the states of cell wall peptidoglycan acetylation and genome methylation by programmed DNA inversions

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Bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) consists of alternating β-(1,4) linked N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). The C-6 hydroxyl group of NAM is acetylated by transmembrane O-acetyltransferases post PG biosynthesis in many pathogenic b... ...