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Effects of coadministration of foot and mouth disease vaccine and inactivated parapoxvirus ovis on humoral immunity in cattle

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Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral disease in animals. Inactive parapoxvirus ovis (IPPVO) strengthens humoral immunity. This study aimed to determine the effect of IPPVO application together with FMD vaccine on cattle immunity. It included 30 Holst... ...