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Case Report: Cytoreductive nephrectomy and thrombectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombus: a case using indocyanine green fluorescence-guided laparoscopy

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Background and objective: Indocyanine green (ICG) is a widely utilized non-radiative fluorescent contrast agent that has progressively demonstrated unique advantages in urological endoscopic surgeries in recent years. Despite its... ...