Ex vivo stimulation of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis induces peripheral CGRP release in the trigeminal ganglion and reveals a distinct dopamine-endocannabinoid mechanism relevant to migraine
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Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release from trigeminal structures is central to migraine pathophysiology. This study employed an ex vivo model preserving anatomical continuity between the trigeminal nucleus ca... ...
