Background: The condition of renal failure is widely regarded as one of the most significant challenges currently facing public health and typically treated through hemodialysis. The objective of this study was to estimate the Economic burden of hemodialysis in Bushehr province and, by extension, Iran.

Method: This was a cross-sectional and partial economic evaluation study conducted to estimate the Economic burden of hemodialysis using the bottom-up approach in Bushehr province and, consequently Iran. Direct medical costs and the number of hemodialysis patients were attained from health information system (HIS). Indirect costs were calculated by including the cost of lost production due to hospitalization, rest at home, absenteeism from work, and also the loss of productivity due to premature death. finally, to reduce the uncertainty around the data, a two-way sensitivity analysis was carried out.

Result: The mean cost of hemodialysis per patient was calculated to be 169,016 $ Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) resulting in a total economic burden of hemodialysis for Bushehr province and Iran in 2022 as 13,849,321 and 977,677,441$ (which is equivalent to 0.3% Iran's GDP) PPP respectively in 2022. The highest proportion of overall costs (52%) was attributable to indirect costs. Premature death accounted for 82.1% of this figure. While, the largest cost component within the direct costs category (57.2%) belonged to the professional and technical tariffs.

Conclusion: Hemodialysis imposes a significant economic burden on Iranian society. In 2022, the annual cost of hemodialysis for Iran was approximately equivalent to 0.3% of the country's GDP. Preventive measures targeting the factors that predispose individuals to hemodialysis need to be seriously considered.

Keywords: Cost of illness; Economic burden; Hemodialysis; Iran; Societal cost.

© 2025. The Author(s).

背景： 肾衰竭被广泛认为是当前公共卫生面临的最重大挑战之一，通常通过血液透析进行治疗。本研究的目的是估算胡泽赫尔省以及伊朗全国血液透析的经济负担。

方法： 这项研究是一项横断面和部分经济评价研究，旨在使用自下而上的方法估算胡泽赫尔省及整个伊朗血液透析的经济负担。直接医疗成本和接受血液透析患者的数量从卫生信息系统（HIS）中获取。间接成本通过包括因住院、在家休息、缺勤以及早逝导致的生产力损失进行计算。最后，为了减少数据的不确定性，进行了双向敏感性分析。

结果： 每位血液透析患者的平均成本计算为169,016美元购买力平价（PPP）。因此，在2022年，胡泽赫尔省和伊朗全国血液透析的总经济负担分别为13,849,321和977,677,441美元（相当于伊朗GDP的0.3%）PPP。整体成本中最大的比例（52%）归因于间接成本，其中早逝占了这一部分的82.1%。而在直接成本类别中的最大组成部分（57.2%）则是专业和技术费用。

结论： 血液透析对伊朗社会造成了显著的经济负担。在2022年，伊朗全国每年的血液透析费用大约相当于该国GDP的0.3%。需要认真考虑针对导致个体接受血液透析因素的预防措施。

关键词： 疾病成本；经济负担；血液透析；伊朗；社会成本。