Background: Endosseous implant insertion is often hindered by narrow dentoalveolar ridges, necessitating various techniques like guided bone regeneration, bone block grafting, and ridge splitting for bone expansion. Ridge splitting offers a less invasive method, allowing predictable expansion and grafting using bone allografts. Piezosurgery, uses ultrasonic vibrations, enables precise and clean bone incisions during this procedure.

Aims: To evaluate the improvement in bone width using the ridge split technique in the narrow mandibular posterior region.

Material and method: A prospective study was conducted after valid approval of ethics committee of the institution. The study included 34 sites among 28 patients aged 16-50 years. The sample size was calculated using G Power software, and all participants provided informed consent. Preoperative ridge width measured using CBCT, ridge split done, and expansion achieved. Created space filled with sticky bone graft. Gain in width measured with CBCT after 3 months. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test assessed probability distribution. Intergroup comparisons were made using the independent "t" test or Mann-Whitney U test, while intragroup comparisons used the paired "t" test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. The Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, with a P value <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: A statistically significant increase in bone width was observed at the alveolar crest and 3 mm and 6 mm below the crest at three months postoperatively, i.e., from 3.623 + 0.578 to 4.235 + 0.596, from 6.284 + 0.959 and 7.145 + 1.194, and from 8.412 + 1.167 to 9.165 + 1.198, respectively.

Conclusions: The ridge split technique is effective in increasing bone width in the narrow mandibular alveolar ridge. It presents a less invasive and cost-effective alternative to traditional ridge augmentation methods. However, the study's limitations include a small sample size and a shorter monitoring period. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are recommended to confirm these findings.

Keywords: Bone augmentation; dental implants; horizontal ridge augmentation; ridge expansion; ridge splitting.

Copyright: © 2025 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.

背景： 牙槽骨植入术常常受到狭窄的牙槽嵴的影响，需要使用引导性骨再生、骨块移植和牙槽嵴劈开等技术来扩展骨质。牙槽嵴劈开提供了一种较为微创的方法，在此过程中可以利用同种异体骨进行可预测的扩张和植骨。派唑手术利用超声振动，可以在该程序中实现精确且干净的骨切开。

目的： 评估在狭窄下颌后部区域使用牙槽嵴劈开技术增加骨宽的效果。

材料和方法： 本研究得到了机构伦理委员会的有效批准，是一项前瞻性研究。该研究包括了28名年龄在16至50岁之间的患者的34个部位。样本量通过G Power软件计算得出，并且所有参与者都提供了知情同意书。术前使用CBCT测量牙槽嵴宽度，进行牙槽嵴劈开并实现扩张。所创建的空间填充有粘性骨移植材料。术后3个月时利用CBCT再次测量获得的宽度增量。数据用SPSS 21.0软件分析。Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验用于评估概率分布。组间比较使用独立t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验，而组内比较则使用配对t检验或Wilcoxon符号秩检验。对于分类变量采用卡方检验，P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果： 术后三个月，在牙槽嵴、距牙槽嵴3毫米和6毫米处的骨宽显著增加，分别为从术前的3.623 ± 0.578到4.235 ± 0.596；从术前的6.284 ± 0.959和7.145 ± 1.194，至术后三个月的骨宽分别为9.165 ± 1.198。

结论： 牙槽嵴劈开技术能有效增加狭窄下颌牙槽嵴区域的骨宽度。它提供了一种比传统牙槽嵴增殖方法更为微创且成本效益更高的替代方案。然而，该研究存在样本量较小和监测期较短等局限性。建议进行更大规模样本和更长时间随访的研究以确认这些发现。

关键词： 骨增量；牙科植入物；水平牙槽嵴增殖；牙槽嵴扩展；牙槽嵴劈开。