Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop that provides essential nutrients and energy; however, it is sensitive to heat stress, posing a threat to sustainable productivity. Heat stress can cause delayed germination in progeny, increased oxidative stress, reduced biomass accumulation, and excessive water loss. Notably, heat stress memory induced through heat priming can be inherited, potentially strengthening heat tolerance in subsequent generations. This study examined the effects of heat priming and heat stress on delayed germination, shoot length, and shoot fresh and dry weight under elevated-temperature conditions. The results showed that while heat stress delayed germination in progeny, heat priming significantly accelerated germination rates. Furthermore, heat stress elevated oxidative stress levels, thereby hindering biomass synthesis. In contrast, heat priming helped maintain low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), contributing to greater biomass accumulation. These findings suggest that heat priming enhances transgenerational heat tolerance in rice, leading to faster germination, higher biomass accumulation, and improved ROS homeostasis in progeny.

Keywords: biomass accumulation; heat priming; oxidative stress; transgenerational heat tolerance.

水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 是一种提供必要营养和能量的主食作物；然而，它对高温胁迫敏感，对可持续生产力构成威胁。高温胁迫会导致后代延迟发芽、增加氧化压力、减少生物量积累以及过度失水。值得注意的是，通过热预处理（heat priming）诱导的高温记忆可以在后代中遗传，从而增强后续世代的耐热性。本研究考察了在升高的温度条件下热预处理和高温胁迫对延后发芽、幼苗长度及幼苗鲜重和干重的影响。结果表明，在高温胁迫下，后代会出现延迟发芽现象；而在热预处理的情况下，发芽率显著加快。此外，高温胁迫会升高氧化压力水平，从而阻碍生物量的合成。相反地，热预处理有助于维持较低水平的活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA），促进更多的生物量积累。这些发现表明，热预处理增强了水稻的跨代耐热性，导致后代更快发芽、更高的生物量积累以及更好的ROS稳态。

关键词：生物量累积；热预处理；氧化压力；跨代耐热性。