Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental pollutant, has potentially negative effects on the behavior of aquatic animals. This study investigated the effects of exposure to Cd (0 mg/L, 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L) on movement behavior, brain metabolites, and brain gene expression of adult Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Treatments with 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L Cd resulted in a significant increase in movement frequency, movement time, average speed of movement, and movement distance. It was evident that Cd treatments had a significant impact on brain metabolic pathways, including the purine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and the mTOR signaling pathway. Cd treatments significantly altered the relative abundance of brain metabolites, including phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and adenosine monophosphate. In addition, Cd treatments altered the KEGG pathways, including the TNF signaling, IL-17 signaling and tuberculosis, as well as the gene expression of PI3K and AKt. The results indicated that heavy metal pollutants could affect the brain metabolism and transcription in amphibians of amphibians, leading to active movement behaviors.

Keywords: Amphibian; Brain; Heavy metal; Metabolomics; Movement.

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

镉（Cd）是一种常见的环境污染物，对水生动物的行为具有潜在的负面影响。本研究调查了不同浓度的镉（0 mg/L、1 mg/L 和 10 mg/L）对成年黑斑蛙（Pelophylax nigromaculatus）运动行为、脑代谢物和基因表达的影响。用1 mg/L 和 10 mg/L 镉处理后，动物的移动频率、移动时间、平均移动速度和移动距离显著增加。结果表明，镉处理对大脑代谢途径产生了显著影响，包括嘌呤代谢、甘油磷脂代谢以及mTOR信号通路。此外，镉处理显著改变了脑内代谢物的相对丰度，如磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰乙醇胺及腺苷酸。镉处理还导致KEGG路径的变化，包括TNF信号传导、IL-17信号传导和结核病等，并且影响了PI3K和AKT基因的表达。研究结果表明重金属污染物会影响两栖动物的大脑代谢与转录活动，从而引发活跃的行为变化。

关键词： 两栖动物；大脑；重金属；代谢组学；运动行为。

版权所有 © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。