Research consistently highlights that psychological control may damage the healthy development of adolescents. The present study attempts to enhance this knowledge within a synthesis of family systems theory and behavioral genetics perspective through a sibling design and multilevel analysis. Accordingly, we modeled the predictive role of psychological control on siblings' problem behaviors. In the model, we also simultaneously explored the associations between adolescent characteristics (e.g., gender and birth order), family characteristics (e.g., parents' psychological well-being, household chaos, and family income), and family-wide and child-specific (differential) aspects of psychological control with siblings' problem behaviors. The sample consisted of 303 families in Turkey, and we recruited a total of 1,121 participants, subsuming mothers (M_age = 41.26 years, SD = 4.19), fathers (M_age = 45.01, SD = 4.59), older siblings (M_age = 16.19, SD = 1.60), and younger siblings (M_age = 12.54, SD = 1.71). Multilevel modeling analysis yielded that adolescents' externalizing problems were significantly predicted by differential psychological control, family-wide psychological control, and household chaos in the mother model; differential psychological control and household chaos in the father model. Moreover, we discovered that what significantly predicted adolescents' internalizing problems was common in the mother and father models: the adolescent's gender and family income. Overall, our findings underscore the overreaching significance of investigating the developmental consequences of psychological control (a) with other family system characteristics, (b) for both parents, and (c) by separating family-wide and child-specific parenting. We believe that our findings would contribute to a family-based understanding of the outcomes of psychological control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

研究表明，心理控制可能损害青少年的健康发展。本研究试图通过结合家庭系统理论和行为遗传学视角，并采用兄弟姐妹设计和多水平分析方法，进一步丰富这方面的知识。我们构建了心理控制对兄弟姐妹问题行为预测作用的模型，在该模型中同时探讨了青少年特征（如性别、出生顺序）与家庭特征（如父母的心理健康状况、家庭混乱程度和家庭收入）以及家庭范围和个人特异性（差异性）心理控制与兄弟姐妹问题行为之间的关联。样本包括土耳其303个家庭，共招募了1,121名参与者，其中包括母亲（平均年龄41.26岁，标准差4.19），父亲（平均年龄45.01岁，标准差4.59），年长兄弟姐妹（平均年龄16.19岁，标准差1.60）和年轻兄弟姐妹（平均年龄12.54岁，标准差1.71）。多水平建模分析表明，在母亲模型中，青少年的外化问题行为显著地由差异性心理控制、家庭范围的心理控制以及家庭混乱程度预测；在父亲模型中，则是差异性心理控制和家庭混乱程度。此外，我们发现，在母亲和父亲模型中，都显著预测了青少年内化问题的因素包括青少年性别和家庭收入。总体而言，我们的研究结果强调了考察心理控制的发展后果时需要考虑其他家庭系统特征、对父母双方以及将家庭范围和个人特异性养育行为分开进行调查的重要性。我们认为，这些发现有助于基于家庭的理解心理控制的后果。（PsycInfo数据库记录 © 2025 APA，保留所有权利）。