Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected global attitudes toward vaccines. Although COVID-19 vaccines have proven to be both effective and safe, they continue to face hesitancy and misinformation. The current study assessed the impact of the pandemic on trust in routine vaccines, offering insights to improve vaccine acceptance and coverage. Moreover, the study identified the impact of demographic and socio-economic factors on vaccine confidence in Western Saudi Arabia. Methods This observational cross-sectional online survey study was carried out between January and February 2025, focusing on adult individuals in Western Saudi Arabia. Data collection involved a revised questionnaire, which was adapted from a previously validated version through Google Forms (Google, Mountain View, CA) online and included responses from participants' demographic information, the Vaccine Trust Gauge, and questions about the COVID-19 vaccine. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). A descriptive analysis was utilized to summarize categorical data through the use of counts and percentages. Fisher's Exact test and multinomial logistic regression assessed the relationship between demographic characteristics and COVID-19 vaccine perspectives and vaccine trust levels. A significance level of 0.05 was established as the threshold for statistical significance. Results Out of 373, 195 (52.3%) of the participants were female individuals. The age distribution revealed that 134 (35.9%) were between 21 and 30, while 124 (33.2%) fell within the 31-40 age range. The majority of participants were Saudi nationals, 351 (94.1%), and not healthcare workers, 296 (79.4%). Additionally, 207 (55.5%) participants held bachelor's degrees. A significant portion of the participants demonstrated a high level of vaccine trust, with 296 (79.4%) expressing confidence in the vaccine, such as influenza, human papillomavirus (HPV), and childhood immunizations. Most participants were aware of the COVID-19 vaccine (97.6%). The study identified significant impacts of demographic characteristics on vaccine trust levels by using Fisher's Exact test. Age (p=0.031), gender (p=0.046), and nationality (p=0.006) all showed notable differences. Furthermore, perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine significantly influenced vaccine trust levels (p<0.001), indicating strong statistical significance. Conclusion Our study found high vaccine trust in Western Saudi Arabia, with younger participants, Saudi nationals, and female individuals showing the most trust. The perception of COVID-19 vaccines significantly influenced overall vaccine trust, highlighting the need for effective communication about vaccine safety. These findings suggest that addressing demographic differences and specific concerns can enhance vaccine trust and uptake.

Keywords: covid-19; immunization; saudi arabia; vaccine confidence; vaccine trust; western region.

Copyright © 2025, Baashar et al.

背景：COVID-19大流行显著影响了全球对疫苗的态度。尽管COVID-19疫苗已被证明既有效又安全，但仍面临犹豫和错误信息的挑战。本研究评估了疫情对常规疫苗信任度的影响，为提高疫苗接受度和覆盖率提供了见解。此外，该研究还确定了人口统计学和社会经济因素在沙特阿拉伯西部地区疫苗信心中的影响。 方法：这项观察性横断面在线调查研究于2025年1月至2月进行，重点关注沙特阿拉伯西部地区的成年个体。数据收集使用了通过Google Forms（谷歌公司，加州山景城）在线发布的修订版问卷，并包括参与者的个人背景信息、疫苗信任度量表以及关于COVID-19疫苗的问题。统计分析采用IBM SPSS Statistics 26版（IBM Corp., Armonk, NY）。利用描述性分析方法通过计数和百分比来汇总分类数据。Fisher精确检验和多项逻辑回归评估了人口特征与新冠疫苗态度及疫苗信任水平之间的关系。将0.05设为统计显著性的门槛。 结果：在373名参与者中，195人（52.3%）是女性。年龄分布显示，134人（35.9%）的年龄介于21至30岁之间，而124人（33.2%）则处于31至40岁的年龄段。大多数参与者为沙特国民，共有351人（94.1%），且不是医疗卫生工作者，有296人（79.4%）。另外，207名（55.5%）的参与者拥有学士学位。许多参与者的疫苗信任度较高，其中296人（79.4%）对如流感、人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)和儿童免疫接种等疫苗表现出信心。大多数参与者了解COVID-19疫苗（97.6%）。该研究通过Fisher精确检验确定了人口特征在影响疫苗信任度方面的显著作用，年龄（p=0.031）、性别（p=0.046）以及国籍（p=0.006）均显示出明显的差异。此外，关于COVID-19疫苗的观点对疫苗信任水平产生了显著的影响（p

关键词：covid-19；免疫接种；沙特阿拉伯；疫苗信心；疫苗信任；西部地区。

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