Dermatophytes (ringworms) are possibly the most prevalent causes of human infection globally. At least 40 dermatophyte species infect humans. For example, onychomycosis, which is responsible for about half of abnormal nails, may: produce ridging, ingrown nails, bleeding and nail loss; make walking painful; and facilitate secondary bacterial infections. Several diseases increase the risk of onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes, including knee osteoarthritis and poorly controlled diabetes. This article focuses on nursing approaches to managing skin and nail dermatophyte infections. Topical antifungals are generally the first-line treatment for tinea corporis, cruris and pedis. Oral antifungals may be appropriate for tinea capitis, onychomycosis, extensive skin infections or if topical treatment does not resolve the infection. Antifungal resistance is becoming more common. However, community nurses should address poor adherence and other possible causes of treatment failure before assuming antifungal resistance. Community nurses should also ensure that patients are diagnosed and treated rapidly, and suggest lifestyle changes that reduce the risk of antifungal failure, infection and relapse.

Keywords: antifungal; dermatophyte; fungi; infection; inflammation; onychomycosis; tinea.

皮肤癣菌（体癣）可能是全球人类感染最常见的原因之一。至少有40种皮肤癣菌可以感染人类。例如，甲真菌病约占异常指甲的50%，可能会导致出现条纹、嵌甲、出血和指甲脱落；使行走变得痛苦；并促进继发性细菌感染的发生。一些疾病会增加由皮肤癣菌引起的甲真菌病的风险，包括膝骨关节炎和控制不佳的糖尿病。本文重点讨论了护理人员在管理和治疗皮肤及指甲部位皮肤癣菌感染方面的措施。对于体癣、股癣和足癣，局部抗真菌药物通常是首选治疗方法。对于头癣、甲真菌病、广泛的皮肤感染或如果局部治疗不能解决问题的情况，则可能需要口服抗真菌药物。抗真菌耐药性变得越来越常见。然而，在认为是抗真菌耐药性之前，社区护理人员应该解决患者用药依从性差和其他可能导致治疗失败的潜在原因。此外，社区护士还应确保患者能够迅速得到诊断和治疗，并建议一些有助于降低抗真菌药物失效、感染和复发风险的生活方式改变。

关键词：抗真菌；皮肤癣菌；真菌；感染；炎症；甲真菌病；体癣。