Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis via the upregulation of Muc4
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Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the common final outcome of almost all progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation plays an essential role in CKD; however, the specific contribution of tubular HIF-1 to renal T... ...
