Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates swainsonine-induced the autophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells through UPR signaling pathway
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Swainsonine (SW), the primary toxic component of locoweed, induces toxic response in grazing livestock. The swainsonine induced toxicity is characterized by symptoms including head tremors, ataxia, and limb paralysis. The mechanisms of the toxicity remained to... ...
