Objective: Psychosocial factors can affect health. Patterns of psychosocial stressors and resources among older adults were examined for oral health status.

Methods: The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a representative sample of US adults > 50 years. Participants completed the 2018 HRS CORE survey and the Psychosocial and Lifestyle Questionnaire-Panel A "Leave Behind" survey (HRS-LB) (N = 4703). All measures were self-reported and stratified into outcome groups: (1) edentulous/dentate, (2) with/without a recent dental visit in the last 2 years. Psychosocial measures covered three domains: well-being, beliefs, and lifestyle. Specifically, loneliness, life satisfaction, perceived age, social status, control, mastery, and chronic stressors were included in this analysis. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified profiles of adults based on the distribution of psychological and social stressors and resources. Associations between latent classes and being edentulous and a recent dental visit were examined in logistic regression models.

Results: About 30% reported no recent dental visit; 14% were edentulous. Three latent classes were identified; profiles had different distributions of psychosocial factors. About half (47%) were in Class A: "Satisfied/Connected" (n = 2230), 28% in Class B: "Satisfied/Lonely" (n = 1293), and 25% in Class C: "Unsatisfied/Lonely" (n = 1180). "Satisfied/Connected" adults had the fewest psychosocial risk factors, most resources, were dentate, and had a recent dental visit. "Unsatisfied/Lonely" adults exhibited the most psychosocial risk factors and fewest resources and lacked a recent dental visit. "Satisfied/Lonely" adults exhibited characteristics between Classes A and C. In fully adjusted regression models, Class B adults had 1.29 (1.03-1.62) times greater odds than Class A to be edentulous and 1.26 (1.07-1.50) times greater odds to not have a recent dental visit. Class C adults had 1.22 (0.97-1.53) times greater odds than Class A to be edentulous and 1.31 (1.10-1.57) times greater odds to not have a recent dental visit.

Conclusion: Adverse psychosocial factors are associated with edentulism and lack of routine dental visits. Exposure to psychosocial risk and resource factors can affect oral health. Health providers should assess older adults for loneliness and other psychosocial risk factors, and policies and programmes that support older adults' psychosocial needs should be expanded.

Keywords: dental care; edentulous; frail elderly; latent class analysis; loneliness; mouth; personal satisfaction; psychology.

© 2025 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

目标：心理社会因素会影响健康。本研究考察了老年人群体中心理社会压力源和资源的模式与口腔健康状况之间的关系。

方法：健康与退休研究（HRS）是一项针对美国50岁以上成年人的代表性样本调查。参与者完成了2018年HRS核心调查以及心理社会和生活方式问卷-面板A“留置”调查（HRS-LB），共4703名受访者。所有测量指标均为自我报告，按结果分组：(1) 无牙/有牙；(2) 过去两年内是否有最近的牙科就诊记录。心理社会测量涵盖三个领域：幸福感、信念和生活方式。具体包括孤独感、生活满意度、感知年龄、社会地位、控制力、掌握能力和慢性压力源，这些指标被纳入本分析中。潜在类别分析（LCA）根据心理和社会压力源及资源的分布确定了成年人的不同类群。通过逻辑回归模型研究了潜在类别与无牙和最近一次牙科就诊之间的关联。

结果：大约有30%的人报告在过去两年内没有进行过最近的牙科就诊；14%的人是无牙患者。确定了三个潜在类群，其心理社会因素分布不同：约一半（47%）属于A类：“满意/联系紧密” (n = 2230)；28%属于B类：“满意/孤独”(n = 1293)，而25%则属于C类：“不满意/孤独”(n = 1180)。“满意/联系紧密”的成年人心理社会风险因素最少，资源最多，牙齿健康状况良好，并且有最近的牙科就诊记录。“不满意/孤独”的成年人表现出最多的心理社会风险因素和最少的资源，并且在过去两年内没有进行过牙科就诊。“满意/孤独”的成年人在A类和C类之间具有特征。在完全调整后的回归模型中，B类个体与A类相比，成为无牙患者的几率为1.29（置信区间：1.03-1.62），在过去两年内没有进行过牙科就诊的几率为1.26（置信区间：1.07-1.50）。C类个体与A类相比，成为无牙患者的几率为1.22（置信区间：0.97-1.53），在过去两年内没有进行过牙科就诊的几率为1.31（置信区间：1.10-1.57）。

结论：不良的心理社会因素与无牙症和缺乏定期牙科访问有关。暴露于心理社会风险和资源因素会影响口腔健康。卫生保健提供者应评估老年人的孤独感和其他心理社会风险因素，并且需要扩大支持老年人心理社会需求的政策和项目。

关键词：牙齿护理；无牙症；脆弱老人；潜在类别分析；孤独感；口腔；个人满意度；心理学。

© 2025 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.