Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the amounts of apically extruded 3% sodium hypochlorite using two modes of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation (LAI), super short pulse (SSP) and shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS®) by combining three types of laser tips (FT) and conventional syringe needle irrigation (SNI).

Methods: Twenty extracted human maxillary central incisors were prepared using Reciproc® instruments (size 40, taper 0.06). The irrigant volumetric flow (IVF) was accurately standardized using a precision syringe pump with constant irrigant delivery through the 27G needle. The tested irrigation protocols (60 s) were groups 1: 27-G SNI with 0.05 ml/s constant IVF; group 2: SSP (10 mJ, 15 Hz, pulse duration 50 μs) + Radial SWEEPS FT; group 3: SSP + photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) FT; group 4: SSP+SWEEPS FT; group 5: AutoSWEEPS (20 mJ, 15 Hz, pulse duration 25 µs) + Radial SWEEPS FT; group 6: AutoSWEEPS+PIPS FT; group 7: AutoSWEEPS+SWEEPS FT. Each protocol was evaluated in 10 repetitions each. Apically extruded irrigant was collected, and net weighted.

Results: There were significantly lower amounts of extruded irrigant with SNI and SSP using radial SWEEPS and PIPS FTs compared to the other tested laser protocols (p<0.05). In the AutoSWEEPS groups, all three FTs had similar amounts of extruded irrigant (p>0.05).

Conclusion: In straight root canals, the use of various fiber FTs in the AutoSWEEPS mode exhibited a higher potential for irrigant extrusion.

Keywords: Er:YAG; Laser Therapy; Laser-Activated Irrigation; MeSH terms: Root Canal Preparation; Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming; Root Canal; Root Canal Irrigants; Shock Wave Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming; Sodium Hypochlorite.

University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine.

目的：本研究的目的是评估使用两种Er:YAG激光活化冲洗（LAI）模式——超短脉冲（SSP）和冲击波增强发射光声流（SWEEPS®），结合三种类型的激光光纤（FT）以及传统注射针冲洗（SNI）时，3%次氯酸钠从根管尖端外溢的量。

方法：使用Reciproc®器械（尺寸40，锥度0.06）预备了20颗拔除的人类上颌中切牙。使用精密注射泵准确标准化冲洗液流量（IVF），通过27G针头恒定输送冲洗液。测试的冲洗方案（持续时间60秒）包括：组1：27-G SNI，以每秒0.05毫升恒定IVF；组2：SSP（能量10 mJ，频率15 Hz，脉冲持续时间50 μs）+径向SWEEPS FT；组3：SSP + 光诱导光声流（PIPS）FT；组4：SSP + SWEEPS FT；组5：AutoSWEEPS（能量20 mJ，频率15 Hz，脉冲持续时间25 μs）+ 径向SWEEPS FT；组6：AutoSWEEPS + PIPS FT；组7：AutoSWEEPS + SWEEPS FT。每个方案进行了10次重复评估。收集并称重外溢的冲洗液。

结果：SNI和使用径向SWEEPS及PIPS FT进行SSP时，与其它测试的激光方案相比，外溢冲洗液体积显著较低（p0.05）。

结论：在直根管中，不同光纤FT在AutoSWEEPS模式下的使用表现出更高的冲洗液外溢潜力。

关键词：Er:YAG；激光疗法；激光活化冲洗；MeSH术语：根管预备；光诱导光声流；根管；根管冲洗剂；冲击波增强发射光声流；次氯酸钠。

萨格勒布大学牙医学院。