Background: Preventive measures can avert up to 45% of dementia cases worldwide. The aim of the study is to analyse some selected national dementia prevention strategic plans.

Methods: A qualitative comparative analysis was performed between national dementia plans of the European countries with the best healthy life expectancy among the elderly. The national dementia plans of France, Ireland, Italy, Spain and Sweden were included. The consensus on priority actions and key elements of prevention policies was evaluated, according to the World Health Organization recommendations and to an analysis tool designed for evaluating chronic diseases policies.

Results: All the countries emphasized the importance of prevention policies within their dementia plans and established monitoring committees. However, not all countries defined timelines for policy implementation and only Spain updated its national plan so far. The integration of dementia prevention with other chronic disease preventive campaigns is still lacking, and also a clear allocation of funds for dementia plans is absent so far.

Conclusions: All countries extensively followed the World Health Organization's recommendations. However, the plans have not been updated. Thus, they do not address all the current known risk factors for dementia, preventing only a fraction of potentially preventable cases. Moreover, the need for financial support in national dementia plans are critical but inadequately addressed, with inconsistent or undefined funding sources to implement their goals.

Keywords: Dementia; health policy; framework; prevention; risk reduction.

背景: 预防措施可以避免全球多达45%的痴呆症病例。本研究旨在分析一些选定的国家痴呆症预防战略计划。

方法: 对欧洲老年人健康预期寿命最高的国家的国家痴呆症计划进行了定性比较分析，包括法国、爱尔兰、意大利、西班牙和瑞典的计划。根据世界卫生组织的推荐以及一种用于评估慢性疾病政策的分析工具，评估了优先行动方案和预防政策措施的关键要素。

结果: 所有国家在其痴呆症计划中都强调了预防政策的重要性，并设立了监测委员会。然而，并非所有国家都为政策实施制定了时间表，迄今为止只有西班牙更新了其国家级计划。将痴呆症预防与其他慢性疾病预防运动相结合的措施仍然不足，目前也没有明确的资金分配用于痴呆症计划。

结论: 各国广泛遵循了世界卫生组织的推荐建议。然而，这些计划并未进行更新，因此未能涵盖所有已知的痴呆风险因素，从而只能预防潜在可预防病例的一小部分。此外，国家痴呆症计划中的资金支持需求至关重要但未得到充分解决，实施目标的资金来源不一致或定义不清。

关键词: 痴呆；卫生政策；框架；预防；风险减少。