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Percutaneous access to the right atrium through the site of superior vena cava occlusion to re-catheterization for a maintenance hemodialysis patient with central venous obstruction

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Central venous catheters are commonly used for hemodialysis, but prolonged use can lead to complications such as central venous occlusion, resulting in catheter-dependent dialysis patients being unable to undergo dialysis. Herein, we present the case of a 57-y... ...