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Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a key role in the innate immune response, possessing antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. Currently, IFNs are used clinically as treatments for lymphomas, multiple sclerosis, and chronic viral infections such as hepatitis B, C, D, and E virus infections. HEV infection can lead to fulminant hepatitis, while chronic infections with HBV, HCV, and HDV are the leading global causes of hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite their limited efficacy and numerous side effects, IFNs remain essential in the treatment of these infections. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the interactions between hepatic viruses and the IFN pathway to understand the virus-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in IFN induction and its antiviral effects.
Keywords: HBV; HCV; HDV; HEV; IFN; ISG; antiviral effect.
