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Evaluation of ultrasound-guided distal catheter placement in pediatric ventriculoatrial shunts for patients with hydrocephalus: Effectiveness and consequences

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Background and aims: Ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts are frequently used for hydrocephalus (HS) management when peritoneal catheter placement is inappropriate. Historically, open surgical cut-down (OSC) on the internal jugular vein ... ...