Effectively alleviate rheumatoid arthritis via maintaining redox balance, inducing macrophage repolarization and restoring homeostasis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes by metformin-derived carbon dots
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Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated synovial inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and fibrosis are the main characteristic of microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play crucial ro... ...
