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Adjusting the Crystallization of Tin Perovskites through Thiophene Additives for Improved Photovoltaic Stability

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Tin-based perovskites (Sn-PVK) are promising lead-free alternatives for efficient photovoltaic technology, but they face challenges related to bulk and surface defects due to suboptimal crystallization and Sn2+ oxidation. Introducing thiophene-2-ethylammonium ... ...