Background: Adolescent sexual violence victimization is a significant public health issue in the United States. Structural sexism, a form of gender inequality at the societal level, may play a crucial role in influencing the prevalence of sexual violence victimization among adolescents.

Objective: This study aims to examine the association between state-level structural sexism and sexual violence victimization among adolescents and to explore how this relationship varies between male and female adolescents.

Participants and setting: Data was derived from a nationally representative sample of high school students in grades 9-12 across the United States who participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBS) in 2017 and 2019.

Methods: A state-level structural sexism index was created from nine different items to reflect the multidimensional nature of structural sexism. This study employs multi-level regression analysis to investigate the impact of state-level structural sexism on three types of sexual violence victimization: sexual violence, sexual dating violence, and physical dating violence.

Results: This study revealed a significant interaction between structural sexism and gender. In states with higher levels of structural sexism, female adolescents reported increased likelihood of sexual violence (β = 0.013, p < .001), sexual dating violence (β = 0.006, p < .001), and physical dating violence (β = 0.006, p < .001) compared to males. Conversely, male adolescents in these states reported lower rates of victimization.

Conclusions: The results underscore the role of structural sexism in influencing sexual violence victimization among adolescents. Addressing structural sexism may be essential in mitigating the risk of sexual violence victimization, especially for female adolescents.

Keywords: Adolescent sexual violence victimization; Adolescents; Gender inequality; Structural sexism; United States.

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背景：

青少年性暴力受害是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在美国尤为严重。结构性性别歧视，作为一种社会层面的性别不平等现象，可能在影响青少年性暴力受害率方面发挥关键作用。

目标：

本研究旨在探讨州级结构性性别歧视与青少年性暴力受害之间的关联，并探究这种关系在男性和女性青少年中的差异。

参与者及环境设置：

数据来源于2017年和2019年参与青年风险行为监测系统的美国全国代表性高中样本（9-12年级）。

方法：

通过九个不同项目创建了一个州级结构性性别歧视指数，以体现其多维性。本研究采用多层次回归分析来探讨州级结构性性别歧视对三种类型性暴力受害的影响：性暴力、约会性暴力和身体约会暴力。

结果：

本研究揭示了结构性别歧视与性别的显著交互作用。在结构性性别歧视水平较高的州中，女性青少年报告的性暴力（β = 0.013, p

结论：

研究结果强调了结构性性别歧视在影响青少年性暴力受害中的作用。解决结构性性别歧视可能对于降低女性青少年遭受性暴力的风险至关重要。

关键词：

青少年性暴力受害；青少年；性别不平等；结构性性别歧视；美国。

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