3D bioprinting of an intervertebral disc tissue analogue with a highly aligned annulus fibrosus via suspended layer additive manufacture
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Intervertebral disc (IVD) function is achieved through integration of its two component regions: the nucleus pulposus (NP) and the annulus fibrosus (AF). The NP is soft (0.3-5 kPa), gelatinous and populated by spherical NP cells in a polysaccharide-rich extrac... ...
