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Abamectin exposure causes chronic toxicity and trypsin/chymotrypsin damages in Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga (Diptera: Chironomidae)

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Abamectin has been extensively used in paddy fields to control insect pests. However, little information is available regarding its effects on non-target insects. In this study, we performed acute (3rd instar larvae) and chronic toxicity (newly hatched larvae ... ...