M1 macrophage-derived exosomes promote intervertebral disc degeneration by enhancing nucleus pulposus cell senescence through LCN2/NF-κB signaling axis
{{output}}
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the primary factor contributing to low back pain (LBP). Unlike elderly patients, many young IVDD patients usually have a history of trauma or long-term abnormal stress, which may lead to local inflammatory reaction ca... ...
