Neuromodulation: Actions of Dopamine, Retinoic Acid, Nitric Oxide, and Other Substances on Retinal Horizontal Cells
{{output}}
Whereas excitation and inhibition of neurons are well understood, it is clear that neuromodulatory influences on neurons and their synapses play a major role in shaping neural activity in the brain. Memory and learning, emotional and other complex behaviors, a... ...