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Tumor-repopulating cell-derived microparticles elicit cascade amplification of chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity to boost anti-PD-1 therapy

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Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, particularly antibodies targeting the programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, its efficacy as a standalone therapy remains limited. Although ICB therapy ... ...