Proximalization of arteriovenous inflow as native loop utilizing the upper arm basilic and forearm cephalic veins for the treatment of hemodialysis access induced hand ischemia
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Background: Up to 10% of hemodialysis patients with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) suffer hemodialysis access induced distal ischemia (HAIDI). We report a treatment option of HAIDI by proximalization of arterial inflow (PAI) to t... ...
