Restraint stress potentiates sensitivity to the antinociceptive effect of morphine through orexin receptors in the ventral tegmental area
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Orexin signaling in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) plays a critical role in stress and addictive behaviors. On the other hand, exposure to stress potentiates behavioral sensitization to drugs of abuse such as morphine. This study aimed to elucidate the role ... ...
