Upregulated TNF-α and lactate following ERK-SGK1 activation in the spinal dorsal horn underlies chronic postsurgical pain
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Skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) during surgeries can lead to chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). The underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we showed that SMIR of the thigh induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regula... ...
