Percutaneous ecoguided endovascular lithotripsy to recruit failed-to-mature arteriovenous fistula due to completely calcified radial artery
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The first-choice vascular access for starting dialysis is autogenous distal forearm arteriovenous-fistula (AVF); the increasing demand to create more fistulas may lead to their creation in borderline vessels and, in this setting, the early failure (EF) and fai... ...
