Intractable arteriovenous access-related pain relieved after a single, pain-free hemodialysis session under selective block of the sensory nerves in the upper limb: A psychosocial factorial case
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Intractable arteriovenous access (AVA)-related pain can not only lead to abandonment of a well-functioning AVA, but can also cause hemodialysis (HD) patients to be unwilling to accept, interrupt, or withdraw from HD. Such pain primarily derives from nociceptiv... ...
