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Fluoroless endourological surgery for high burden renal and proximal ureteric stones: A safe technique for experienced surgeons

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Objective: To describe the feasibility of treating proximal ureteric and renal stones using flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) or a double approach (mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL] + fURS) without any use of radiation. Patients and methods: We retrospective... ...