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Comparison of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in hand- versus parent-reared whooping cranes (Grus americana)

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Endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) have been produced in captivity for reintroduction programs since the 1980s, using techniques such as artificial insemination, multiple clutching, and captive-rearing to speed recovery efforts. Chicks are often hand-... ...