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Raman spectral signatures of urinary extracellular vesicles from diabetic patients and hyperglycemic endothelial cells as potential biomarkers in diabetes

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Raman spectroscopy was applied to the measurement of urinary and in vitro endothelium-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated by hydrostatic filtration dialysis (HFD) method. Raman spectra obtained for urinary EVs (UEVs) showed distinct differences in th... ...