From "Circe's Root" to "Spongia Soporifera": The Role of the Mandrake as True Anesthetic of Ancient Times
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Several ancient authors cited mandrake as a powerful and well-known narcotic drug: from Homer to Dioscorides, from Plato to Aristotle, passing from Hippocrates, Demosthenes, Theophrastus, Celsus, and Apuleius. Their detailed studies included the concrete appea... ...