Mafutsuto-Ron: The First Anesthesia Textbook in the World. Bibliographic Review and English Translation
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On October 13, 1804, Seishu Hanaoka performed a mastectomy on Kan Aiya in Hirayama, Kii Province Japan, in what is considered to be the first operation under general anesthesia. She was anesthetized with a mixture of herbs known as Mafutsuto. Although Seishu d... ...
