Activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-2 like) factor 2 by toxic bile acids provokes adaptive defense responses to enhance cell survival at the emergence of oxidative stress
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Oxidative stress, causing necrotic and apoptotic cell death, is associated with bile acid toxicity. Using liver (HepG2, Hepa1c1c7, and primary human hepatocytes) and intestinal (C2bbe1, a Caco-2 subclone) cells, we demonstrated that toxic bile acids, such as l... ...
